The theft prevention monitoring device, system and method are provided. The theft prevention monitoring device includes: a housing, a moving mechanism, a controller, and a video control module, the controller includes a moving control module, an image recognition module, and a sound and light control module; the moving control module is adapted to control a moving mechanism to move along a running route; the video control module is adapted to use a camera to scan environment information, real-time build dynamic map of environment, and generate the running route; the image recognition module is adapted to match captured videos or images of people with pre-stored videos or images of people to obtain matching result, provide corresponding control instructions; a sound and light alarm of the sound and light control module is adapted to give an alarm by sending out sound and light according to the corresponding control instructions.