A battery safety evaluation apparatus as an aspect of the present invention includes an estimator, a calculator, and an evaluator. The estimator estimates an estimation value of an inner state parameter of a battery to be evaluated on the basis of data of its voltage and current measured in charging or discharging it. The calculator calculates an index regarding swelling risk of the battery on the basis of first reference data. The evaluator evaluates, on the basis of the index, a battery swelling risk of the battery to evaluate safety of the battery. The battery is a secondary battery. The first reference data is reference data considered to correspond to the battery from the reference data on the basis of estimation value. The reference data indicates at least one of relationships between a positive electrode capacity, a negative electrode capacity and an SOC deviation of a secondary battery.