Provided is an image analysis device, an image analysis method, and an illumination device to efficiently acquire an image to be suitably used to analyze skin. An image acquisition unit is included, the image acquisition unit including an illumination unit including a light emitting unit in which a plurality of light emitting elements including at least a light emitting element that emits visible light and a light emitting element that emits invisible light are packaged, and an image pickup unit that captures an image of reflection light generated by causing irradiation light emitted from the illumination unit to be reflected by an analysis target. The present disclosure is applicable to, for example, a device for analyzing human skin.