Provided is a resistance variation element including a resistance variation film of a metal depositing type, a first electrode which contacts with a first surface of the resistance variation film in a predetermined first region and supplies metallic ions via the first region, and a second electrode laminated on a second surface of the resistance variation film. The first region includes a recessed region surrounded by a simple closed curve or a region surrounded by a plurality of simple closed curves. A line segment which passes through a point outside of the first region, ends of which exist on the simple closed curve, and each point of which in the vicinity of both the ends other than both the ends is outside of the first region, exists, and an edge of the first electrode is formed in a part of the simple closed curve including both the ends.