An operation method of a texture recognition device and a texture recognition device are provided. The texture recognition device includes a light source array and an image sensor array; the light source array includes a plurality of light sources; the image sensor array includes a plurality of groups of image sensors; and the operation method includes: in a first period, allowing the light source array to operate to provide a first photosensitive light source, allowing a first group of image sensors that can receive first light emitted by the first photosensitive light source and reflected by the texture to be in a state of sensing and generating a detection electrical signal, and allowing at least one group of image sensors that can receive the first light except the first group of image sensors to be in a state of not sensing and not generating a detection electrical signal.