A cell patterning material, a method of preparing the cell patterning material, a cell patterning method using the cell patterning material, and a biosensor including patterned cells obtained by using the cell patterning method are provided. According to the present disclosure, cells may be conveniently and efficiently patterned and the time for applying external stimulation for patterning may be controlled. In addition, the patterned cells may have an excellent proliferation rate and excellent differentiation efficiency, and may be re-patterned in a different direction, and High-throughput screening using the patterned cells is possible.