The present invention relates to a vertical floor self-locking musical instrument stand and a self-locking hook. The vertical floor self-locking musical instrument stand is provided with a plurality of folding structures, which can facilitate telescopic storage and reduce the occupied space. The telescopic length can be changed as needed to be portable. Various components are flexibly connected and assembled. The height of the position can be adjusted as needed. The stand is equipped with a folding anti-collision component and a self-locking hook, which can better protect the musical instrument and prevent the musical instrument from bumping or falling. When the musical instrument is suspended on the self-locking hook, the self-locking hook automatically locks the self-locking locking arm under the gravity of the musical instrument itself, providing protection for the musical instrument suspended thereon.