An optoelectronic component includes an optical waveguide including at least one passive and at least one active section. The active section has at least one layer formed from a two-dimensional material. The layer composed of the two-dimensional material is arranged at least partly in a waveguide core of the active section or in a manner at least partly adjoining the waveguide core of the active section. The difference in refractive index relative to the same wavelength between a core material forming the waveguide core of the active section and a cladding material forming a waveguide cladding of the active section is greater than the difference in refractive index between a core material forming a waveguide core of the passive section and a cladding material forming a waveguide cladding of the passive section.