The invention relates to a communication system (1) having at least one first and one second transceiver (18, 38) for the wireless bidirectional transmission of signals between the transceivers (18, 38), wherein each transceiver (18, 38) has a transmission device (3) and a reception device (5). It is proposed that each transmission device (3) comprises an RFID transponder (18) that is configured to transmit the signals as transponder signals and that each reception device (5) comprises an RFID reading device (9) that is configured for receiving transmitted transponder signals. The invention further relates to a machine arrangement having at least one moving machine element and having such a communication system (1), wherein the second transceiver (38) is arranged at the moving machine element.