A memory device failure recovery system includes a memory device management engine that is coupled to a first memory device via a first memory device slot, and a memory device management database. The memory device management engine identifies that the first memory device has experienced a failure in a configuration region of the first memory device during a current boot operation and, in response, retrieves memory device component information and memory device configuration information that is stored in the memory device management database and that was retrieved as part of a prior boot operation from a memory device that was connected to the first memory device slot. During the current boot operation, the memory device management engine determines whether first memory device components on the first memory device correspond to the memory device component information and, if so, uses the memory device configuration information to configure the first memory device.