An LED backlight system and an LED control circuit are provided. The LED backlight system includes an LED string and the LED control circuit. The LED control circuit includes an LED driver, a switching circuit and an abnormality detecting circuit. The LED driver is configured to generate a control signal. The switching circuit controls a current flowing through the LED string in response to the control signal. The abnormality detecting circuit is configured to detect a voltage or the current of a first end of the LED string. When the voltage or the current of the first end of the LED string is less than or equal to a threshold value, the abnormality detecting circuit turns off the switching circuit, and the abnormality detecting circuit detects an impedance of the first end of the LED string to determine an abnormal state of the LED string.