Disclosed are a self-correction method and device for a structured light depth camera of a smart phone. The self-correction device for the structured light depth camera of the smart phone consists of an infrared laser speckle projector, an image receiving sensor, a self-correction module, a depth calculating module and a mobile phone application processing AP. The projector projects a speckle pattern, a feature block is set in a reference speckle image, an input speckle image is acquired by the image receiving sensor, and an optimal matching block which corresponds to the feature block is searched from the input speckle image through a similarity criterion to obtain an offset between the feature block and the matching block, once the optical axis of the projector and the optical axis of the image sensor change relatively, the offset may change along with the change, an optimal offset is solved according to a certain rule and the reference speckle image is adjusted reversely, thus, the center of the input speckle image and the center of the reference speckle image can form a self-feedback adjusting closed-loop system, and an optimal matching relation between the input speckle image and the corrected reference speckle image can be always found out when the optical axes vary widely.