A decoding method includes determining prediction motion information of a first decoding block, performing bidirectional prediction on the first decoding block based on the prediction motion information to obtain a first decoding prediction block, performing motion search of first precision on a prediction reference image block to obtain at least one second decoding prediction block, where a search location of the motion search is determined using a motion vector predictor and the first precision, calculating a difference between the first decoding prediction block and each second decoding prediction block to obtain a target motion vector predictor of the first decoding block, and updating the target motion vector predictor through motion search.