Embodiments of the present invention disclose a scheduling method, a base station, and a terminal. The method includes: performing, by a base station according to a preset matrix, orthogonal encoding on logical port information corresponding to a downlink reference signal, and mapping the logical port information obtained after the orthogonal encoding to a corresponding physical channel for sending; receiving channel quality indicator information fed back by a terminal, and calculating a spectral efficiency gain obtained after wavelength division multiplexing; and performing, according to the spectral efficiency gain, radio resource scheduling for the wavelength division multiplexing.