The present invention provides a self-adaptive dimming driving system, comprising: a lamp base, a driving circuit, a lamp identification circuit, and a controller. The lamp base, where an LED lamp is able to be mounted, comprises an LED power port electrically connected to a power input port of the LED lamp. The driving circuit is connected or coupled to the LED power port and configured to modulate power to be output to the LED lamp and output the modulated power to the LED lamp. The lamp identification circuit outputs a test current to the LED power port in order to turn on an identification resistor of the LED lamp, and receives a voltage parameter of the identification resistor as feedback in order to output a detection signal according to the voltage parameter. The controller receives the detection signal, obtains a correlation parameter of the resistance value of the identification resistor according to the detection signal, and switches a power output mode of the driving circuit according to the correlation parameter.