A random access/responding method and device are provided. In some embodiments, at least two random access preambles can be received before responding to random access of a terminal device, where each of the at least two random access preambles includes at least one sequence. In some embodiments, one random access preamble can be received before responding to random access of a terminal device, where the one random access preamble includes at least two sequences. The sequences in the received random access preambles can be checked. A successfully detected sequence or a random access preamble with the successfully detected sequence can then be responded to. In this way, responding to a plurality of successfully detected random access preambles or a plurality of successfully detected sequences included in one random access preamble is implemented.