The present disclosure provides a SIM card status determination method and a SIM card status determination device, the SIM card status determination method includes: acquiring feature data of a SIM card of a terminal device, determining a use status of the SIM card according to the feature data and a preset recognition model, sending a SIM card releasing request to the terminal device to cause the terminal device to release the SIM card if the use status is determined as idle, acquiring SIM card using request data which is sent by the terminal device after the SIM card is released, and optimizing the preset recognition model according to the SIM card using request data, thereby determining the use status of the SIM card using optimized recognition model.