A technique for estimating phonemes for a word written in a different language is disclosed. A sequence of graphemes of a given word in a source language is received. The sequence of the graphemes in the source language is converted into a sequence of phonemes in the source language. One or more sequences of phonemes in a target language are generated from the sequence of the phonemes in the source language by using a neural network model. One sequence of phonemes in the target language is determined for the given word. Also, technique for estimating graphemes of a word from phonemes in a different language is disclosed.