A video encoding and decoding method, apparatus, a computer device, and a storage medium. The method includes obtaining a current frame to be encoded; determining a resolution determining mechanism among a plurality of resolution determining mechanisms to be performed on a reference frame based on a resolution relationship between the current frame and a reference frame corresponding to the current frame; generating the reference frame corresponding to the current frame according to the resolution determining mechanism; and encoding the current frame according to the reference frame to obtain encoded data corresponding to the current frame, the encoded data including the resolution relationship.