The present disclosure provides a method for executing a QoS policy and a network device, where the method includes: before a packet entering the network device goes through a preset forwarding process, it is determined whether the packet matches a flow template according to a property of the packet; if the packet matches the flow template, a session structure of a network session corresponding to the packet is acquired, a QoS dedicated structure is added to a tail of the session structure, a QoS policy corresponding to the flow template is acquired, the QoS policy is compiled to obtain policy information, and the policy information is filled to the QoS dedicated structure; and after the packet goes through the preset forwarding process, the policy information in the QoS dedicated structure is added to the packet, so that a switching chip of the network device executes the QoS policy.