A method includes: at an autonomous vehicle and during a first operating period, capturing a first set of images of a plant; calculating a location of the plant based on the first set of images; extracting an initial value of a plant metric of the plant based on the first set of images; predicting a predicted value of the plant metric of the plant at a time based on the initial value of the plant metric of the plant and a set of global condition data. The method also includes, at the autonomous vehicle and during a second operating period concurrent with the time: capturing a second set of images of the plant; identifying the plant based on the second set of images and the location of the plant; and executing an agricultural operation on the plant based on the predicted value of the plant metric.