The invention provides a data storage device comprising a shell, a main circuit board, and an external connector. The shell comprises a plurality of vents. The main circuit board is placed in the shell, and covered by a fire protection material. The main circuit board is provided with a controller and a plurality of flash memory elements. The external connector is disposed outside the shell. When the data storage device is in a fire scene, the flash memory elements on the main circuit board can be avoided to be burned since the fire protection material covers the main circuit board. Further, the data storage device has a better heat dissipation and convection effect via the vents of the shell, such that the data storage device can cool down quickly, and thereby the integrity of data storage can ensured.