The present invention is directed to molecules, such as monospecific antibodies and bispecific, trispecific or multispecific binding molecules, including diabodies, BITE® molecules, and antibodies that are capable of specifically binding to “Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase Domain-containing Protein 9” (“ADAM9”). The invention particularly concerns such binding molecules that are capable of exhibiting high affinity binding to human and non-human ADAM9. The invention further particularly relates to such molecules that are thereby cross-reactive with human ADAM9 and the ADAM9 of a non-human primate (e.g., a cynomolgus monkey). The invention additionally pertains to all such ADAM9-binding molecules that comprise a Light Chain Variable (VL) Domain and/or a Heavy Chain Variable (VH) Domain that has been humanized and/or deimmunized so as to exhibit reduced immunogenicity upon administration of such ADAM9-binding molecule to a recipient subject. The invention is also directed to pharmaceutical compositions that contain any of such ADAM9-binding molecules, and to methods involving the use of any of such ADAM9-binding molecules in the treatment of cancer and other diseases and conditions.