A workpiece information recognition system includes a workpiece placing tool (20) capable of placing a workpiece, a reference block (31) detachably provided on workpiece placing tool (20), an information detector configured to detect information about reference block (31), and a control device configured to receive the information of reference block (31) from the information detector. The control device includes a storage configured to store data on a relationship between the information about reference block (31) and information about the workpiece and a controller configured to recognize the information about the workpiece placed on workpiece placing tool (20) by checking the information about reference block (31) detected by the information detector with the data stored in the storage. With this configuration, the workpiece information recognition system capable of easily cope with a change in a type of the workpiece is provided.