Implementations of this disclosure provide blockchain-based virtual resource allocation. An example method performed by a node device of a blockchain network that operates as an intellectual property management platform includes receiving a target transaction comprising (i) a first quantity of virtual resources for obtaining intellectual property rights for a target object, (ii) an identifier of the target object, and (iii) an identifier of the intellectual property rights, and invoking a smart contract to (i) allocate the first quantity of virtual resources to obtain intellectual property rights for the target object, and (ii) allocate a second quantity of virtual resources to a beneficiary of the intellectual property rights for the target object.