Provided is an optical communication module. The optical communication module includes: an optical device configured to provide an optical output from an electrical input; a circuit board on which the optical device is mounted and which is configured to provide the electrical input to the optical device; a temperature compensation element mounted on a side of the circuit board; and a mechanical switch connected to the temperature compensation element and configured to turn on/off according to ambient temperature for supplying or interrupting power to the temperature compensation element. The optical communication module includes the temperature compensation element configured to heat or cool the optical device according to ambient temperature, thereby maintaining proper modulation performance and optical power over a wide range of temperature in low-temperature and high-temperature environments.