Disclosed are an overload control method in a wireless communication system and a device for the same. Specifically, a method by which a base station performs an overload control in a wireless communication system can include: a step of receiving an overload start message from a core network; a step of receiving a first radio resource control (RRC) message including a non-access stratum (NAS) message from user equipment (UE); and a step of transmitting an RRC connection release message, for instructing the release of an RRC connection, to the UE when an instruction for instructing data transmission through a control plane in the first RRC message is included.