A heat dissipation module and a heat dissipation method thereof are provided. A cold side of a thermoelectric cooler is disposed on a heat conducting member. A processing circuit controls a voltage control circuit to provide an output voltage to the thermoelectric cooler according to a temperature sensing signal generated by a temperature sensor sensing a temperature of the heat conducting member, so as to adjust a temperature of the cold side of the thermoelectric cooler to dissipate heat for a heat source.