A querier sends a SparkSQL query instruction to a connector, the SparkSQL query instruction contains a table identifier of an HBase table, metadata of the HBase table, and an attribute value corresponding to the metadata. When the connector receives the SparkSQL query instruction, if an index table corresponding to the table identifier and the metadata exists in a storage device, the connector generates a first Phoenix query instruction and sends the first Phoenix query instruction to the storage device, the index table is used to record a correspondence between an attribute value of the metadata of the HBase table and a RowKey of the HBase table, and the first Phoenix query instruction contains the table identifier, the metadata, and the attribute value. When receiving the first Phoenix query instruction, the storage device obtains the RowKey and the metadata, obtains the data row, and sends the data row to the connector.