A communication method and system for converging a 5th-generation (5G) communication system for supporting higher data rates beyond a 4th-generation (4G) system with a technology for internet of things (IoT) are provided. The disclosure may be applied to intelligent services based on the 5G communication technology and the IoT-related technology, such as smart home, smart building, smart city, smart car, connected car, health care, digital education, smart retail, security and safety services. The communication method may include receiving, from a base station, a message including first information on a physical random access channel (PRACH) configuration period, identifying a set of association period which corresponds to the PRACH configuration period, identifying an association period from the set of association period, and transmitting, to the base station, a random access preamble in a random access occasion within the association period.