Provided is a method and an apparatus for real-time monitoring interaction between surrounding rocks and the TBM in a TBM tunneling process. Interaction between target objects is monitored by one or more sensors to obtain test data. A first electronic device connects a collecting module with the one or more sensors through a communication serial interface of the one or more sensors. A connection state between the one or more sensors and the collecting module is judged. The connection abnormality information is recorded or the collection parameters according to the connection state are set. The first electronic device judges the collection state by monitoring the collection, and records collection abnormality information or performs one-time collection of data according to the collection state. The first electronic device stores the data in a first storage folder. A second electronic device analyzes the data, and transmits the data to a monitoring device.