Apparatus and methods for error modeling and correction in one or both of (i) a partially or fully implanted or non-implanted medicant delivery mechanism (such as a pump), and (ii) implanted physiologic parameter sensor. In one exemplary embodiment, the apparatus and methods employ a training mode of operation, whereby the apparatus conducts “machine learning” to model one or more errors (e.g., unmodeled variable system errors) associated with the medicant dose calculation process, and (ii) generation of a medicant delivery operational model (based at least in part on data collected/received in the training mode), which is applied to correct or compensate for the errors during normal operation of the sensor and pump system. This enhances accuracy of medicant delivery, such as over the lifetime of an implanted pump at a single implantation site, or during multiple relocations of a transcutaneously implanted pump), and enables “personalization” of the pump to each user.