To realize a reservoir computing system in which the reservoir is configured to be suitable for various learning targets, provided is a self-organizing reservoir computing system, including an input layer that outputs an input layer signal corresponding to input data; a reservoir layer that includes therein a nonlinear signal path using physical resonance phenomena and is operable to output an inherent reservoir layer signal in response to the input layer signal; and an output layer that outputs output data corresponding to the reservoir layer signal. Also provided is a self-organizing method.