A method performed by an image forming apparatus is provided. The method includes receiving an input of selecting a first color from a first color image, scanning, a reference image including at least one reference color that is used to reproduce a color, receiving an input of selecting a second color from the at least one reference color, based on scan color data in which characteristics of the image forming apparatus obtained by scanning a color compensation chart representing a color space have been reflected, determining a second color scan value of the second color as a second color value of the second color from which the characteristics of the image forming apparatus have been removed, and converting a first color value of the first color into the second color value of the second color and outputting the first color image having the second color instead of the first color.