The present invention relates, inter alia, to methods for the prevention or treatment of cancer, and to compositions, combinations and kits for the treatment or prevention of cancer. In one embodiment, the invention provides a method of treating or preventing cancer, comprising administering to a patient in need thereof an immune checkpoint modulator together with a compound of Formula (I): wherein X is SO3M or H, wherein M is any pharmaceutically acceptable cation; and wherein at least 70% of the X groups is SO3M.