A memory controller controls a data storage device including a nonvolatile memory in which a recovery code is stored. The memory controller includes: a mode converter for determining an operation mode of the data storage device as a normal mode or a sleep mode, according to power sensing information representing a power consumption of the data storage device, a recovery code storage including a nonvolatile memory, in which a recovery code for a recovery operation is stored, and a code executer for performing the recovery operation by executing the recovery code. The mode converter stores a recovery code address indicating a position of the nonvolatile memory at which the recovery code is stored.