The present invention provides a medical pressurization control device, comprising an outer tube and a threaded push rod inside the outer tube. A movable caliper comprising two arms, a caliper control member connected to the movable caliper, and an operating member connected to the caliper control member are provided in the outer tube; when the operating member moves from a second position to a first position, the operating member drives the caliper control member to move to a locking position, so as to push the two arms of the movable caliper to hold the threaded push rod for locking the threaded push rod; when the operating member moves from the first position to the second position, the operating member drives the caliper control member to move to a release position, so as to push the two arms of the movable caliper to release the threaded push rod for unlocking the threaded push rod.