A screwdriver rotation structure includes a main body, a control member, a driving member, multiple first rolls, and multiple second rolls. The main body has multiple first recesses and multiple first pillars. Each of the first recesses has a first face. Each of the first pillars has two second faces, two third faces, and a first pivot portion. The main body has multiple second pivot portions. The control member has multiple third pivot portions and multiple second pillars. Each of the second pillars has a fourth face, a fifth face, and a fourth pivot portion. The control member has a fifth pivot portion and a mounting portion. Each of the first rolls is received in one of the first recesses. Each of the second rolls is received in one of the first recesses.