The present invention relates to a hydrocarbon resin production method comprising thermal polymerization under non-catalytic conditions, thereby enabling a narrow molecular weight distribution and the realization of uniform physical properties. Specifically, the present invention relates to a hydrocarbon resin production method and a hydrocarbon resin produced thereby, the method comprising thermal polymerization without a catalyst and an initiator, thereby enabling, by a low polydispersity index, a narrow molecular weight distribution, and thus a hydrocarbon resin having uniform physical properties.