A blockchain management apparatus includes a block receiving part that receives a block including a block header that includes a hash value for reference information selected from a predetermined range in a ledger based on a predetermined rule established between blockchain management apparatuses; a block verification part that selects the reference information from the predetermined range in the ledger based on the predetermined rule and determines whether or not the hash value for the reference information included in the block has been generated based on the reference information, to verify that the block has been correctly generated; a consensus formation part that, if the block verification part verifies that the block has been correctly generated, forms a consensus with other blockchain management apparatuses to write the block to the ledger; and a ledger storage part that stores the block for which the consensus has been formed.