A method comprises receiving a request to execute an instance of a given software container, determining source code entities of source code of the given software container, and generating a given software container profile for the given software container based at least in part on rankings associated with the source code entities. The method also comprises creating a resource management plan for the given software container utilizing one or more machine learning algorithms, the resource management plan comprising resource management metric thresholds determined based at least in part on historical resource utilization data for additional software containers having associated software container profiles similar to the given software container profile. The method further comprises executing the instance of the given software container on a software container platform, and managing resource utilization of the executing instance of the given software container based at least in part on the resource management plan.