A self-position estimation method includes: detecting a relative position between a target present in surroundings of a moving object and the moving object; storing a position where the relative position is moved by the moved amount of the moving object, as target position data; selecting the target position data on the basis of reliability of the relative position of the target position data with respect to the moving object; and comparing the selected target position data with map information including the position information on the target present on a road or around the road, thereby estimating a self-position which is a current position of the moving object.