The present disclosure provides a display panel, a transparent OLED substrate and an OLED substrate. The transparent OLED substrate includes: a base substrate; a first electrode layer located on the base substrate; a light emitting structure layer located on the first electrode layer and including light emitting structures of n colors, n≥1; and a second electrode located on the light emitting structure layer. The first electrode layer includes electrode groups arranged along a first direction, each electrode group includes first electrode(s), each first electrode extends along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction. When a driving voltage is between each first electrode and the second electrode, the transparent OLED substrate performs a display function; and otherwise, the transparent OLED substrate performs a light transmission function.