An electronic device according to various embodiments of the present invention includes: a microphone; a communication module; a memory; and at least one processor, wherein the processor can receive and record a voice through the microphone while a function of receiving the voice is activated, generate first authentication data including data for the voice and identification data for the electronic device on the basis of the recorded voice, determine the mode of the electronic device on the basis of the recorded voice, send the first authentication data, receive second authentication data corresponding to the first authentication data, use identification data included in the second authentication data to connect communication with an external electronic device when the data for the voice included in the first authentication data matches data for voice included in the second authentication data, and perform, according to the mode, at least one function related to the communication-connected external electronic device and the voice. Various other embodiments are also possible.