A wafer storage box, wafer transfer device and wafer storage box and transfer assembly. The wafer storage and transfer assembly includes a chassis which is capable of translating or rotating, a sliding shaft, connecting levers, arms and at least two positioning sidewall. The chassis includes a groove. The sliding shaft can translate along the groove. The connecting levers are connected to the sliding shaft. Each arm extends from a connecting lever. The two positioning sidewall are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the chassis. Each positioning sidewall includes tracks accommodating the pins of connecting levers. The width of each of the tracks reduces from the front end of the positioning sidewall to the back end of the positioning sidewall. The wafer storage and transfer assembly can vacuum adsorb several wafers to achieve high efficiency of wafer storing and transferring.