A method by which a terminal reports hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) acknowledgment/negative acknowledgment (ACK/NACK) feedback in a wireless communication system, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, comprises the steps of: detecting downlink data; and transmitting HARQ ACK/NACK information for the downlink data, wherein the HARQ ACK/NACK information can include a bit selected from a HARQ ACK/NACK bit information group in which the number of states of a bit indicating ACK and the number of states of a bit indicating NACK are different.