An echo cancellation method based on delay estimation is provided. In the method, a microphone signal and a reference signal are received and preprocessed. In the preprocessed microphone signal and the preprocessed reference signal, frequency point signals with non-linearity in a current echo cancellation scenario are determined. A current delay estimation value is calculated based on frequency point signals without non-linearity in the microphone signal and the reference signal. The reference signal is shifted based on the current delay estimation value. An adaptive filter is updated based on the preprocessed microphone signal and the shifted reference signal, to perform echo cancellation.