Portable traction splints for applying traction to an injured patient's limb may be extendable from a collapsed configuration adapted for transportation and storage towards an extended configuration adapted for applying traction to the injured patient, using telescoping members. One or more straps may be provided for securing the traction splint to the patient. One or more of such straps may include a tourniquet portion and/or may be configured to be oriented in different directions relative to the telescoping members. The disclosed traction splints may include a traction mechanism including a traction cord to apply traction to the patient's limb. The traction cord may be secured and maintained at a desired tension via a catch and a cleat in the inner member. Additionally or alternatively, a longitudinal cord groove and an inner hollow of the inner member may define a cord path for the traction cord.