An electronic component mounting method including a preparatory imaging step of storing preparation position information of component holding sections obtained based on preparation images imaged with no electronic component held by the component holding sections and with a rotary head indexed to multiple indexing angles; a pick-up step of picking up electronic components; an angle information acquisition step of acquiring indexing angle information of the rotary head; a component imaging step of imaging the electronic components with the indexing angle of the rotary head made to coincide with an indexing angle of the rotary head that corresponds to the specific positional information; and a measurement step of measuring a positional deviation amount between a position of the multiple component holding sections that is recognized from the specific positional information and a position of the electronic component that is recognized from the component image obtained in the component imaging step.