Disclosed are a self-adaptive configuration method and system for linkage response of a construction type, a motion type, a control type and an optimization type. The disclosure aims to provide the self-adaptive configuration method and system for linkage response of quick adjustment and design of a workshop production line. The self-adaptive configuration method comprises the following steps of step A: construction type configuration; step B: motion type design; step C: control type design; and step D: optimization type evolution, wherein the step D comprises first-level iterative optimization, second-level iterative optimization and third-level iterative optimization. A closed optimization cycle is formed by the first-level iterative optimization, the second-level iterative optimization and the third-level iterative optimization jointly, and the multi-level iterative optimization is performed on the production line linkage design framework, so that the workshop production line can be self-adaptively and quickly adjusted and designed.